Compute network consist of two devices are connected together by cables and exchanging data.

In these days, the networks encourage you to exchange data and computer resources (information, program, and peripheral such as printer) and help the users to connect together simultaneously.

Firstly, let us imagine the computers without network. In this case, how can we exchange data? We will need hundreds of CD to transfer data from computer to other resulting in that the waste of time and effort. There is other example, if we have one printer and many of computers in the same time, and we want to print something, whether we stand in the queue waiting the computer which is connected to the printer or we transfer the printer to every user. In each case, there is a difficulty. So we conclude that networking is developed to meet the need to exchange the information and the resources effectively.

There are two types in the computing:

1- Centralized Computing.

2- Distributed computing.

Firstly, let us take a look at the centralized computing:

In 1950s, the computers were in the size of the room and were provided with one processor, a small amount of memory and the device of storing data were like a tab.

These types of computing still existed in some of countries but are very limited. These types are called mainframe. There are other devices related to entering data are called dumb terminals, which consist of keyboard and screen and unable to process data. Mainframe can meet the requirements of terminals which are connected to it. So, mainframe, which is connected to dumb terminals and other mainframes, is initial computer networking in the environment of the central process.

With the development of manufacturing computer, the small personal computers were appeared and that help the user to control on the device. There type of computing were appeared which is called distributed computing or distributed processing.

Instead of concentrating all the operations of processing on one central computer, distributed computing needs many of small devices to participate in processing.

In the modern networks, it is important to use a common language or known protocol to understand each other.

Protocol is a set of standards which are used to exchange data among computers.

Wait us in the second part.